What hypothesis describes the conditions under which access to one behavior may reinforce another behavior?

The correct answer is the response-deprivation hypothesis. This hypothesis suggests that when access to a particular behavior (that is typically preferred or reinforcing) is restricted or deprived, it can increase the motivation to engage in that behavior. In turn, this can lead to the reinforcement of another behavior that occurs prior to or in association with it.

For instance, if an individual enjoys playing video games but is only allowed to do so after completing homework, the deprivation of the video game time motivates them to finish their homework, reinforcing the homework behavior. The response-deprivation hypothesis provides insight into how restrictions can create motivational shifts that impact behavior patterns.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately capture the relationship between restricted access to one behavior and the reinforcement of another. The response-conditioning hypothesis focuses on the learning process associated with responses and their consequences, the Premack principle emphasizes the use of a more probable behavior to reinforce a less probable behavior, and the contingency analysis hypothesis centers on the relationship between behavior and its consequences without directly addressing the role of deprivation.